An Encumbrance Certificate (EC) is a record of every registered transaction — sale, mortgage, gift, lease — on a specific property over a chosen period. Banks require it before sanctioning a home loan, and buyers use it to confirm a property is free of loans or legal claims before purchase. It's issued by the Sub-Registrar Office where the property was registered, and most states now offer it online (e.g. Karnataka's Kaveri Online, Tamil Nadu's TNREGINET, Telangana's IGRS, Maharashtra's IGR).
Official website
State Registration Department (Sub-Registrar Office)
https://services.india.gov.in
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Open your state's registration department portal (e.g. Kaveri Online, TNREGINET, IGRS Telangana/Maharashtra).
Search using the property's survey number, document number, or owner details.
Select the period you need the EC for (commonly 13 or 30 years).
Pay the applicable fee online and submit the request.
Download the digitally signed EC as a PDF, or collect it from the Sub-Registrar office if applying offline.
Official fees
Small per-year search fee, usually a few hundred rupees total depending on the period and state.
Processing time
Instant online in most states for already-computerised records; 3–15 days for manual/offline requests or older records.
How to apply
Online (state registration portal) · Offline (Sub-Registrar office)
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It means no loan, mortgage or legal claim is registered against the property for the period checked — a positive sign for buyers and banks.