Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana is the government's crop insurance scheme, covering farmers against yield loss from natural causes like drought, flood, pests and unseasonal weather. Farmers pay a small, capped premium share; the rest of the actuarial premium is subsidised by the Central and State governments.
Official website
Department of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare — PMFBY
https://pmfby.gov.in
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Check whether your crop and area are notified for the current season on the official PMFBY portal (pmfby.gov.in).
Apply online on the portal, or through your bank (if you have a crop loan), or at a Common Service Centre (CSC).
Submit land records, Aadhaar, bank details and a sowing certificate for the crop being insured.
Pay your capped premium share — the government subsidy covers the remaining actuarial premium.
In case of crop loss, report it within the window specified by the scheme so a loss assessment can be conducted for your claim.
Official fees
Farmer's premium share is capped — commonly cited as up to 2% for Kharif crops, 1.5% for Rabi crops, and 5% for annual commercial/horticultural crops, with the rest subsidised. Confirm the exact current rates for your crop/season on the official portal.
How to apply
Online (pmfby.gov.in) · Through your bank (for loanee farmers) · Common Service Centre (CSC)
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It's compulsory for farmers who've taken a Seasonal Agricultural Operations (SAO) loan for a notified crop, and optional for non-loanee farmers.